HYPER-Media-Culture imaginary library connected HYPERNATION co-operative effects hotspots feeding chunks of information digitALL - Cyberwar in Vienna collaborative film associating Web Cams The Turing Galaxy interfacing switching projecting on-screen-writing machines of desire Memesis - Language is a virus Internet Battlefield
The use of the network "computer" is also completely different in the context of the drug and counterculture of the 60s and 70s in the United States (Whole Earth Catalogue, the first hypertext attempts, the flourishing hacker scene, and telecommunication experiments by artists) as opposed to the start of "cable laying" in the 70s and 80s in West Germany at the time of the installation of complex telematic surveillance and control systems (computerised manhunts, census taking).
It is therefore understandable that computer networks in northern Europe will only be probed for their utopian dimension in a third wave of technologization (digital networks, digitalization of mass media and entertainment culture).The ambivalence inherent in the concept of the network, caught between surveillance and subversion, becomes particularly obvious in the media debates of the 70s, in which the dominance and authority of closed systems and the utopian character of open systems collide forcefully.